Which botanical insecticide is derived from chrysanthemum flowers?

Pyrethrum is the correct answer because it is a natural insecticide derived from the flowers of the chrysanthemum plant, specifically from species in the Chrysanthemum genus. The active compounds in pyrethrum, known as pyrethrins, are effective insecticides that work by targeting the nervous systems of insects, causing paralysis and death.

This insecticide has been widely used in agriculture and home pest control due to its effectiveness and relatively low toxicity to mammals and birds when used appropriately. Its natural origin makes it appealing for organic farming and integrated pest management (IPM) practices.

In contrast, nicotine, rotenone, and orange oil are derived from other sources. Nicotine comes from tobacco plants, rotenone is obtained from the roots of certain plants in the legume family, and orange oil is extracted from citrus fruits. Each of these substances has its own insecticidal properties but does not share the same botanical origin as pyrethrum.